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大型的脫硫工程是如何達成有效脫硫？

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2023-10-30

干法脫硫：干法脫硫是一種簡單、高效、成本相對較低的脫硫方法，一般適用于沼氣量少、硫化氫濃度低的沼氣脫硫。干法工藝設備的組成是在容器中放置填充物，填充物層包括活性炭、氧化鐵等。氣體以低流速從一端穿過容器中的填料層，硫化氫（H2S）被氧化成硫磺或氧化硫后，殘留在填料層中，凈化后的氣體從容器的另一端排出。

Dry desulfurization: Dry desulfurization is a simple, efficient, and relatively low-cost desulfurization method, generally suitable for biogas desulfurization with low biogas volume and low hydrogen sulfide concentration. The composition of dry process equipment is to place fillers in the container, and the filler layer includes activated carbon, iron oxide, etc. The gas passes through the packing layer in the container at a low flow rate from one end, and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is oxidized into sulfur or sulfur oxide, which remains in the packing layer. The purified gas is discharged from the other end of the container.

濕法脫硫：濕法脫硫可以歸納分為物理吸收法、化學吸收法和氧化法三種。物理和化學方法存在硫化氫再處理問題，氧化法是以堿性溶液為吸收劑，并加入載氧體為催化劑，吸收H2S，并將其氧化成單質硫。濕法氧化法是把脫硫劑溶解在水中，液體進入設備，與沼氣混合，沼氣中的硫化氫（H2S）與液體產生氧化反應，生成單質硫吸收硫化氫的液體有氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鈣、碳酸鈉、硫酸亞鐵等。成熟的氧化脫硫法，脫硫效率可達99.5%以上。
生物脫硫

Wet desulfurization: Wet desulfurization can be classified into three types: physical absorption method, chemical absorption method, and oxidation method. There is a problem of hydrogen sulfide reprocessing in physical and chemical methods. The oxidation method uses an alkaline solution as an absorbent and an oxygen carrier as a catalyst to absorb H2S and oxidize it into elemental sulfur. Wet oxidation method is to dissolve desulfurizer in water, and the liquid enters the equipment to be mixed with biogas. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in biogas reacts with the liquid to produce elemental sulfur and absorb hydrogen sulfide. The liquid includes sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, ferrous sulfate, etc. The mature oxidation desulfurization method has a desulfurization efficiency of over 99.5%.

在大型的脫硫工程中，一般采用先用濕法進行粗脫硫，之后再通過干法進行精脫硫。沼氣進入干式脫硫塔前，應設置冷凝水箱或沼氣顆粒過濾器。該裝置可以消除沼氣中含有的顆粒雜志，使沼氣在脫硫前含有一定的濕度。

In large-scale desulfurization projects, wet desulfurization is generally used first for coarse desulfurization, followed by dry desulfurization for fine desulfurization. Before biogas enters the dry desulfurization tower, a condensate water tank or biogas particle filter should be installed. This device can eliminate the particle magazine contained in biogas, so that biogas contains a certain amount of humidity before desulfurization.

當觀察到脫硫劑變色或系統壓力損失過大時，應交替使用另一個脫硫塔。目前脫硫塔內進行自然通風，在沼氣放空后對脫硫劑進行再生。當再生效果不好時，應將廢脫硫劑從塔底取出，而廢填料從底部排出，應向反應器中加入相同體積的新鮮脫硫填料。

When discoloration of the desulfurization agent or excessive system pressure loss is observed, another desulfurization tower should be used alternately. At present, natural ventilation is carried out in the desulfurization tower, and the desulfurization agent is regenerated after the biogas is released. When the regeneration effect is not good, the waste desulfurization agent should be taken out from the bottom of the tower, and the waste filler should be discharged from the bottom. The same volume of fresh desulfurization filler should be added to the reactor.

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